Malaxator



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Patented Sept. 20, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MAIA TQR- Vscvolod Dachkvitch, Neuilly-sur-Scine, France Application Siemembcr 1 L945, Serial No. 617,233

France May 1'1, 1944 Section 1', Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires May, 1964 3. Claims. (Cl. 259 161) The present invention relates to apparatus. for the malaxing of various materials.

Existing apparatus of this: kind. and in particular concrete mixers, which include-a rotary drum and means for loading this drum, for in.- stance through an elevator bucket, work on .the following cycle'of operation:

Loading of the drum, malaxing of the materialspresent therein, emptying of this drum and return thereof into leading position.

Now, in this sequence of operations, only the malaxing one corresponds to productive work, and the time absorbed by the other operations is a lost time.

The object of the present invention is to pro-- vide an apparatus of the type-above referred to which avoids this drawback, that is to say with which the whole of the time of operation is truly spent in the malaxing of materials.

With this object in view, according to a feature of my invention, the apparatus includes three drums movable in such manner as to be able successively to come into filling, malaxing and emptying positions, and means for rotating these drums about their respective axes at least during the period for which they are in malaxing position.

According to a preferred embodiment of my invention, the respective axes of the drums are located in the same plane and meet in a common point, and in order to cause them to passsuccessively through their filling, malaxing and emptying positions means are provided for-rotating the whole of said drums about an axis, practically horizontal, passing through this common pointand perpendicular to the plane of the respective axes of the drums.

Owing to this particular arrangement, the rotation of each drum about its axis can be combined with the pivoting of the whole about the common horizontal axis through a mechanism analogous to that of the statellite pinions of differential gears.

Onthe other hand, the movement of rotation of the whole of the drums about a horizontal axis causes each of the drums successively to come, for the emptying thereof, into a substantially vertical position where it is upside down, and the fact of emptying the drums in this way constitutes a serious advantage.

A preferred embodiment of my invention will be hereinafter described, with reference to theaccompanying drawings, given merely by way of example, and inwhich:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic laterialview of a concrete mixer made according to my invention.

Figs. 2- and' 3 are partial views showing the various. positions of the drums in the course of a revolution.

Fig. 4 is a; diagrammatieal view, of. the mechanism for controlling thewinch, the drum unit locking means, andthe device for emptying into each drum the amount of. water necessary for themalaxing.

Drums I, 2. and 3 are mounted on respective axes 4; 5, 6, themselves fixed on the. common main shaft 1, journalled in bearings 8 of frame 9. Each drumincludes a bevel tooothed ring Ill, ll, l2, in mesh with a common bevel toothed wheel l3. The latter is driven by a motor- H through a chain ii.

The loading devlcelncludes a bucket 20 pivoted at 20a to frame 9. and driven by a cable l8, wound on a winch H operated by a motor l4 through a chain 16; Fig. 1 shows, in solid lines, bucket 2!] in the upper position for the loadingof drum I, and, in dotted lines, in the lower position, in which thematerial contained in wagon 23'can be pouredinto said bucket.

At the upper part of the frame is provided a water tank 22 which permits, through a feed tube 22a, of pouring the desired amount of water into the drum (I on the drawing) that is in loading position. Finally, a wagon 24, adapted to pass under the frame of the concrete mixer, can bebrought into position for receiving the malaxedmixture which flows from the drum (2 in the drawing) which is in the emptying position.

The axle of the wheels 25 of the concrete mixer is adapted to receive steering displacements in order to permit of driving the mixer on a road when it rests upon its wheels 25-26.

In the working position, wheels 2525 are mounted on supports of suitable height to enable wagon 24 to circulate under the concrete mixer frame.

Winch l1 iscontrolledthrough a lever 2|.

As shown by Fig. 1, winch is driven by a motor [4 through a chain l5 meshing with a toothed wheel concentric with shaft 1 and a chain It meshing with another toothed wheel rlgid'wlth the first. Chain l6 cooperates with a. bevel toothed wheel 33 (Fig. 4) in mesh with two opposed bevel pinions SI and 32 mounted loose onthe shaft 33 of winch ll. Control lever 2| is adapted to operate a sleeve 36 sliclably' keyed on shaft 33. Thissleeve- 34 and pinions 3i and 32 carry corresponding teeth or projections which permit of coupling lA'with one or the other of; pinlons H and 32. By pivoting lever 21 toward the left, pinion 32 is coupled with sleeve 34 and shaft 33 is rotated in the direction of arrow f, thus winding cable l8 on winch l1. On the contrary, if lever 2| is pivoted in the opposite direction, sleeve 34, and therefore shaft 33, are coupled with pinion 3|, driven by motor M in the direction opposed to that of pinion 32. 1

Shaft 33 includes a threaded portion 35 on which is engaged a carriage 36 held in such manner as to be prevented from turning with the shaft but to be able to slide parallelly thereto. This carriage is provided with a fork 31 arranged to cooperate with a bent lever 38 connected to a rod 39. On this rod 39 are mounted two levers 40 and 4| which control cocks 42 and 43 respectively. These cocks are mounted on their control levers in such manner that when one of them is opened, the other is closed, and vice versa. The carriage is further provided with a finger 44 adapted to cooperate-with a, lever 46 connected through rods 41 and 48- and bell crank levers 49 and 50 with a sliding rod 5| pushed by a spring 52 toward a cam 53 provided with notches 53a which is fixed on shaft 1.

The working of thisdevice is as follows:

In the position shown by Fig. 4, tank 22 has been nearly filled through pipe 22b. Lever 2| -is inclined in the leftward direction, sleeve 34 is in mesh with pinion 32, shaft 33 is rotating in the direction of arrow 1 and carriage 36 is moving toward the left. On the other hand, at this time, the shaft 1 has been released due to rod 5| being pulled out, through system 44, 45, 46, 41, 48, 49, 50, from the notch 53a of cam 53 in which it was engaged. Finally winch I1 is turning in the direction of winding of cable I8 and bucket 20 is moving upwardly and getting near to its upper extreme position. l

After a short time, lever escapes from engagement with finger 44 and consequently releases lever 46 and also transmission 41, 48, 49 and rod 5| is therefore brought back by its spring 52 toward cam 53. But as this cam has already turned from the position shown by Fig.

4, the end of rod 5|, instead of reentering the r notch 53a from which it has been pulled, comes to bear against the circular periphery of the cam.

Shaft 1 is therefore, free to keep rotating until it is automatically stopped by the next notch 53a coming opposite rod 5|. In. the course of this rotary movement, which corresponds to an angle of 120, the three drums change of position, that is to say the one that was in filling position comes. into malaxing position, the one that was in malaxing position comes into emptying position, and finally the one that was in emptying position comes into filling position. This permutation: will take place relatively quickly because, as soon as the unit formed by the whole of the three drums is released, the resistance opposed by each drum to its movement of rotation about its own axis tends, by reaction, to facilitate the rotation of this unit carried by shafts 1, which, on the other hand, has a tendency to be driven by friction by wheel l3. Furthermore, as soon as the drum that was in filling position has moved past the vertical, the whole becomes unbalanced sov that the rotation is accordingly accelerated. Consequently, in a very short time the three drums come to occupy their new positions.

Immediately after this, the branch 31a of the fork carried by carriage 36 moves lever 38 and produces, through rod 39 and levers 40 and 4|, the closing of cook 42 and the opening of cock 43. The water present in tank 22 therefore flows through conduit 22a into the drum that is in filling position.

Winch |1 finishes its winding movement and bucket 20 empties the materials it contains into said drum in filling position.

Sleeve 34 is then disengaged from pinion 32 as lever 2| is pivoted in the opposed direction by the operator (or by an automatic disengagement device).

As sleeve 34 is now in engagement with bevel pinion 3|, shaft'33 starts rotating in a direction opposed to that of arrow 1 and carriage 36 starts back toward the right. In the course of this sliding movement finger 44 comes back at a given time to place itself on the right hand side of lever 45 soas tobe again ready to work for the next release of shaft 1.

Also in the course of this movement from left to right of carriage 36, the arm 31b of the fork formed on carriage 36 comes, at a given time, to push toward the right the end of the lower branch of bent lever 38 and thus causes the closing of cook 43 and the opening of cock 42. Tank 22 which had emptied through 22a starts replenishing through 22?).

Likewise, during this time, bucket 20 has moved back downwardly, since now winch l1 turns in the cable unwinding direction. It reaches its lower position, shown in dotted lines, when carriage 36 reaches the end of its displace-' ment toward the right.

At this time, sleeve pinion 3|, back into by an automatic disengagement device).

Bucket 2c is filled by the tipping of wagon 23.

34 is disengaged from as a result of lever 2| being brought Then the operator displaces lever 2| toward the" left, in such manner as to engagesleeve 34' with pinion 32. The shaft is then driven in the direction of the arrow, and carriage 36 moves toward the left.

Winch i1 is being wound, and the loaded bucket 2i! is moved upwardly.

Finger 44 comes to bear on lever 45' and, through transmission 45-414849-50, pulls bolt piece 5| from the notch 53a it occupies.

The parts by Fig. 4 andthe operation is repeated.

While I have, in the above description, disclosed what I deem to be a practical and efiicient embodiment of the present invention, it should be well understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement, disposition and form of the.

parts without departing from the principle of the present invention as comprehended within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A concrete mixer which comprises, in combination, a frame, a'horizontal shaft journalled in said frame, at least three pivot axes carried by said shaft located in a plane. at right angles thereto, rotary drums carried by spectively, a motor, transmission means, including a driving wheel journalled on said shaft and at least three satellite pinions each rigid with one of said drums, respectively, and operatively connected with said Wheel, for transmitting the motion of said motor to said drums, a water tank carried by said frame, means emptying said tank, an elevator bucket movably mounted in said frame so as to have, in its upper position, its outlet close to that of said tank, a winch for operating said bucket, means for locking said shaft in any of at least three given for filling and vertical position by the operatorior come back to the position shown said axes, re-' positions for each of which one of said drums is under said tank and bucket outlets, control means for intermittently bringing said locking means out of action to allow said shaft to pass from one position to the next one, and means interrelated with said control means for operating said tank filling and emptying means and said winch in synchronism with the movements of said shaft.

2. A concrete mixer which comprises, in combination, a frame, a horizontal shaft journalled in said frame, at least three pivot axes carried by said shaft located in a plane at right angles thereto, rotary drums carried by said axes, respectively, a motor, a driving bevel wheel journalled on said shaft operatively connected with said motor, at least three satellite pinions each rigid with one of said drums, respectively, and in mesh with said wheel, for transmitting the motion of said motor to said drums, a water tank carried by said frame, means for filling and emptying said tank, an elevator bucket movably mounted in said frame so as to have, in its upper position, its outlet close to that of said tank, a winch for operating said bucket, means for looking said shaft in any of at least three given positions for each of which one of said drums is under said tank and bucket outlets, control means for intermittently bringing said locking means out of action to allow said shaft to pass from one position to the next one, and means interrelated with said control means for operating said tank filling and emptying means and said winch in synchronism with the movements of said shaft.

3. A concrete mixer which comprises, in combination, a frame, a horizontal shaft journalled in said frame, three pivot axes carried by said shaft located in a plane at right angles thereto,

rotary drums carried by said axes, respectively, a motor, a driving bevel wheel journalled on said shaft operatively connected with said motor, at least three satellite bevel pinions each rigid with one of said drums, respectively, and in mesh with said wheel, for transmitting the motion of said motor to said drums, a water tank carried by said frame, means for filling and emptying said tank, an elevator bucket movably mounted in said frame so as to have, in its upper position, its outlet close to that of said tank, a winch for operating said bucket, means for locking said shaft in any of at least three given positions for each of which one of said drums is under said tank and bucket outlets and another one is upside down, with its axis vertical, control means for intermittently bringing said locking means out of action to allow said shaft to pass from one position to the next one, and means interrelated with said control means for operating said tank filling and emptying means and said winch in synchronism with the movements of said shaft.

VSEVOLOD DACHKEVITCI-I.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,453,323 Palmeter May 1, 1939 1,761,801 Robb June 3, 1930 1,767,430 Burn et al. June 24, 1930 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 277,124 Italy Aug. 30, 1930 

